教科書+筆記。
第一冊:一般現(xiàn)在時( to be)表示經(jīng)常性的動作,現(xiàn)在存在的情況或狀態(tài)。 1.陳述句(肯定) 陳述句是陳述一個事實或者說話人的看法。
I'm Sam. This is my mother. It's a black dog. He's a doctor. She's a driver. 2.特殊疑問句 特殊疑問句歸類 問“誰……”,“什么……”,“在哪里……”等這一類的問句叫做特殊疑問句。這種問句以疑問詞開頭。
How are you? How many? How old are you? What's your name? What's this? Where's the cat? 試題舉例 三年級試題(第二冊) Listen and choose.(聽錄音,根據(jù)圖片選擇正確答語,將序號填入括號里。) ( ) 2. A.They's tigers. B.They're monkeys. 隱形問句為: What are they? 讀寫部分:問句和答語分成兩組連線,或者提供問句和2個被選答語進行選擇。
1.How are you? A.I'm nine 2.How old are you? B.I'm fine,thank you. ? 1.How are you ? A.I'm nine. B.I'm fine,thank you 3.一般疑問句:試題舉例 Ⅳ.Listen and draw faces .( 聽音,與圖片相符的畫笑臉,不符的畫哭臉。) 1. 1. Is it a kite ? Yes, it is. 2 2. Is it a bird? No,it isn't. 4.祈使句: 讓學生明白向?qū)Ψ桨l(fā)出指令的表達方式。
在第三模塊中出現(xiàn)的 Sit down ,please. Stand up, please. Point to the window. Point to the door. 第二冊:一般現(xiàn)在時(to do )—表示經(jīng)常性的動作,現(xiàn)在存在的情況或狀態(tài)。 1.陳述句的否定式: 如; 第三模塊的表示喜歡與不喜歡 I like football. I don't like table tennis. 2.含有行為動詞的一般疑問句表達方式: Do you like meat? Does he like bananas? 3.名詞復數(shù) They're monkeys. 4.第三人稱單數(shù)動詞的變化 教師在根據(jù)情景用語言表述時引導學生發(fā)現(xiàn)總結(jié) 如:I go to school by bike. She goes to school by bus. 5.介詞 in, on ,under 的用法。
This pencil-box is on the desk. This pen is in the pencil-box. That chair is under the desk. 6.疑問句歸類: Do you like meat? Does Lingling like bananas? What's the time, please? What do you do at the weekend? What does she do at the weekend? 第三冊:現(xiàn)在進行時、情態(tài)動詞、一般將來時(be going to的結(jié)構(gòu))、there be句型 1.現(xiàn)在進行時:通常表示此時此刻或當前一個時期內(nèi)正在進行的活動。 I watch TV at the weekend. I am watching TV now. 2.情態(tài)動詞:can 的一般疑問句及其答語。
情態(tài)動詞can 表示能力或者可能性(即客觀上是否允許)。 Can you jump high? Yes, I can. No, I can't 3.一般將來時:be going to 的用法——表示打算(預備)做某事(表達的是主觀愿望。)
We're going to go to Hainan. I'm going to visit my grandpa. 4.there be 句型: “在某個范圍內(nèi)有…”,在第十模塊主要練習運用了在某個月份有幾個 同學過生日,在一年里有十二個月。辨析舉例: “there be”與“have got ”譯成漢語時都有一個"有"字,這二者之間又有什么區(qū)別呢? ①there be表示“有”時,側(cè)重于客觀存在,常用于"某地(某時)有某物" 的句型,至于此物屬于誰則無關(guān)緊要。
如: There are twelve months in the year. ②have(has) got表示“有”時,側(cè)重于主觀方面,有"所有"的意思,常 用于“某人(某物)有某物”的句型,至于此物在何時何地則無需談及。如: I've got a new book. ③有時候there be和have(has) got可以互換使用,句子意義沒有什么差別。
如: We have got a lot of time. (=There is a lot of time.)我們時間很多。 ④有些情況下,there be和have是不能互換使用的。
I have two hands.我有兩只手。 (不能說:There are two hands on my body.) “have got” 和 “have” 的區(qū)別 問題:一年級起點5冊 M6中,I've got a 。
. Have you got a 。? 現(xiàn)在好象在生活中使用這種句型的場合及教材都比較少了.學生學起來也比較拗口.與此相關(guān)的幾個模塊也是難度比較大. 為什么不用 I have a 。
Do you have a 。?學生學起來也比較容易. 回答:have you got 。
這種說法更英式;Do you have 。 更美式。
因為本套教材與英國合作編寫,所以拼寫、句式都更偏向于英式英語。 在教學時,這種表達方式當固定句型教授,不要把完成時等概念引入比較好。
5.some 的用法 教材中出現(xiàn):Do you want some rice? Can I have some sweets? 含有some的肯定句在變成疑問句時,在下列情況之下, some不必變成any。例如: ①在固定詞組中。
Do you usually do some shopping?你通常去購物嗎? ②在相當于祈使句的問句中。 Would you like some fruits?你想吃點水果嗎? Do you want some rice? ③希望對方給予肯定的答復,表達請求語氣時。
Can I have some sweets? 6.疑問句歸類: Where are you going ? What are you/they doing? What are you going to do? Can you run fast? Can I have some sweets? Do you want some rice? 第四冊:一般將來時(will的用法)、形容詞的比較級、一般過去時 1.一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的事情。 be going to 是打算,表示主觀意志 will 是將會,表示客觀將要。
教師可以通過一定的語言情景用be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)句式跟will 替換。 On Monday I'll go swimming.可以替換be going to Robots will 。
PEP小學英語畢業(yè)總復習 一:學生易錯詞匯1. a, an的選擇: 元音音素開頭的單詞用an,輔音音素開頭的單詞用a.2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復數(shù)用are, I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。
單數(shù)用has , 復數(shù)用have, I \you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物或某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復數(shù)用there are.5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) whose (誰的) why(為什么)when(什么時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢) 二:形容詞比較級詳解 當我們需要對事物作出比較時,需要用到比較級。
比較級的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:什么 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的,它的變化規(guī)則是:① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,② 以e結(jié)尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier ④ 雙寫最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter ☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西。典型錯誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你(整個人),那么比較的對象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比較級專項練習: 一、從下面中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? He's 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? It's 2kg.二、根據(jù)句意寫出所缺的單詞(1) I'm 12 years old. You're 14. I'm than you.(2) A rabbit's tail is than a monkey's tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.(貴的) 三、根據(jù)中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. I'm than my brother.(2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 誰比你重? than you?四、根據(jù)答句寫出問句(1) I'm 160 cm.(2) I'm 12 years old.(4) Amy's hair is 30 cm long.三:動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:A、規(guī)則動詞 ① 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used ③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類) ④ 雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt 四:動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing ③ 雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人稱和數(shù) 人稱代詞 物主代詞 主格 賓格 第一 人稱 單數(shù) I(我) me my(我的) 復數(shù) we(我們) us our(我們的) 第二 人稱 單數(shù) you(你) you your(你的) 復數(shù) you(你們) you your(你們的) 第三 人稱 單數(shù) he(他) him his(他的) she(她) her her(她的) it(它) it its(它的) 復數(shù) they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的) 六:句型專項歸類1、肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I'm not a student. She is not (isn't) a doctor. He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.☆注意☆ 小結(jié):否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。
有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面,可縮寫成“isn't,aren't”,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don't , doesn't , didn't )。
這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇,其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而“did”只用于一般過去時,不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù),。
小學分班考英語不一定難,如果不難的話很容易考,平常考七八十的可以考八九十 但是如果難的話考的一般就不是課內(nèi)的了 復習好一下幾點應(yīng)該就沒有問題 1.一般現(xiàn)在時 定義:一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習慣性的動作的時態(tài)。
構(gòu)成:一般現(xiàn)在時用行為動詞的原形,但第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時,動詞的詞尾要加-S。(一般的動詞詞尾+S。
以sh/ch/s/x結(jié)尾的詞+es.以輔音字母+Y結(jié)尾的把Y變成i,+es。輔音字母+o結(jié)尾的+es.) 形式: 主語+be(表狀態(tài))或 主語+動詞原形+賓語(表動作) 標志詞(時間狀語):every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday uauslly often,never,hardly。
. 用法:1.表示經(jīng)常的或習慣性的動作,常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用。 時間狀語: always, usually,regularly,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes,occasionally,from time to time,twice a week,rarely,seldom,once a month, hardly, ever,never. I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2.表示主語具備的性格、能力、特征和狀態(tài)。
I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比較:Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 3.表示客觀事實和普遍真理。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 4.在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時。
5.表示預先計劃或安排好的行為。 6.小說故事用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般過去時。
新聞報道類的內(nèi)容,為了體現(xiàn)其“新鮮”性,也用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示過去發(fā)生的事情。 7.有些表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動詞表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的具體行為時,只用一般現(xiàn)在時,而不用進行時態(tài)。
8.表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的具體動作或存在的狀態(tài) 9表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必敗。
☆注意★:此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中,即使主句是過去時,從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 例:Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時,用于操作演示或指導說明的示范性動作,表示言行的瞬間動作。
再如:Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是進行時的標志,表示正在進行的動作的客觀狀況,所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時。 5).表示按規(guī)定、計劃或時間表將要發(fā)生的事。
He starts next week. 他下個星期出發(fā)。 We leave very soon. 我們很快就離開。
The train starts at 10 o'clock in the morning. 火車將在早上10點開出。 這類用法限于表示“移動”的動詞:go去,come來,leave離開,start出發(fā),begin開始, arrive到達,take off起飛,等。
一般現(xiàn)在時Be動詞情況 am,is,are也可以做一般現(xiàn)在時的助動詞 例如:I am a student. 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來: 1)下列動詞:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return,live,fly的一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情(即按照固定時間表將來發(fā)生的動作)。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. When does the bus start? It starts in ten minutes. 2)倒裝句,表示動作正在進行,如: Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3)在時間或條件句中。 When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 4)在動詞hope, take care that, make sure that等后。
I hope they have a nice time next week. Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 基本形式(以do為例): 主動態(tài):do 被動態(tài):doing;be done 過去時:did 第三人稱單數(shù)形式:does (主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)) 肯定句:主語+動詞原形+其他 否定句:主語+don't+動詞原形+其他 一般疑問句:Do+主語+動詞原形+其他? 肯定回答:Yes,+ 主語 +do 否定回答:No,+ 主語+don't 注意:do和does后要加動詞原形(任何時態(tài)都一樣) 2.現(xiàn)在進行時 現(xiàn)在進行時(The PresentContinuous Tense). 現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成是:主語+be+動詞ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式 第一人稱+am+doing+sth 第二人稱+are+doing +sth 第三人稱+is+doing+sth 現(xiàn)在進行時的定義:現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在或當前一般時間正在進行的動作。可以表示有計劃的未來。
現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則 1.直接+ ing 2.去e+ing 3.重讀閉音節(jié),且末尾只有1個輔音字母,雙寫輔音字母+ing 4.特殊變化:die-dying,lie-lying,tie-tying 5.不規(guī)則變化 現(xiàn)在進行時的基本用法: A. 表示現(xiàn)在( 指說話人說話時) 正在發(fā)生的事情。 例:We are waiting for you. B. 習慣進行:表示長期的或重復性的動作,說話時動作未必正在進行。
例:Mr. Green is writing another novel. (說話時并未在寫,只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。) 例:She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. C.已經(jīng)確定或安排好的將來活動 I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.(已經(jīng)安排了) we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已經(jīng)拿到了) D.有些動詞(狀態(tài)動詞不用于進行時態(tài)) 1.表示知道或了解的動詞:believe,doubt,forget,imagine,know, remember,realize,suppose,understand 2.表示“看起來”“看上去"。
1.人稱代詞主格: I we you she he it they賓格: me us you her him it them形容詞性物主代詞:my our your her his its their名詞性物主代詞: mine ours yours hers his its theirs北京小升初網(wǎng)2.形容詞和副詞的比較級(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞后+erolder taller longer stronger, etc(2) 多音節(jié)詞前+moremore interesting, etc.(3) 雙寫最后一個字母,再+erbigger fatter, etc.(4) 把y變i,再+erheavier, earlier(5) 不規(guī)則變化:well-better, much/many-more, etc.3.可數(shù)詞的復數(shù)形式Most nouns + s a book –booksNouns ending in a consonant +y - y+ ies a story—storiesNouns ending in s, sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watchesNouns ending in o +s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoesNouns ending in f or fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves小升初網(wǎng)4.不可數(shù)名詞(單復數(shù)形式不變)bread, rice, water ,juice etc.bbs.xschu.com5. 縮略形式I'm = I am you're = you are she's = she is he's = he isit's = it is who's =who is can't =can not isn't=is not etc北京小升初6. a/ana book, a peachan egg an hourxschu.com7. Preposition:on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.表示時間: at six o'clock, at Christmas, at breakfaston Monday on 15th July On National Dayin the evening in December in winter北京小升初網(wǎng)8. 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞one – first two-second twenty-twentieth9. Some /anyI have some toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brothers or sisters?小升初網(wǎng)10. be 動詞(1) Basic form: am/are/is(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.My eyes are(not) small.My hair is(not) long.(3)一般疑問句: Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren't.Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.bbs.xschu.com11. there be 結(jié)構(gòu)肯定句: There is a …There are …一般疑問句:Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn't.Are there…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren't.否定句: There isn't …. There aren't….北京小升初12. 祈使句Sit down pleaseDon't sit down, please.xschu.com13. 現(xiàn)在進行時.通常用“now”.形式: be + verb +ingeg: I am(not) doing my homework.You/We/They are(not) reading.He/She/It is(not) eating.北京小升初網(wǎng) 動詞 —ing 的形式Most verbs +ing walk—walkingVerbs ending in e -e + ing come—comingShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming14 一般現(xiàn)在時。
通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。形式:肯定句:I go to school on foot every day.She goes to school on foot every day.一般疑問句:Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don't.Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.否定句: We don't go to school on Sundays.My mother doesn't like watching TV in the evening.小升初網(wǎng)15. (情態(tài))動詞can,must, should 后面直接用動詞原形。
eg:1. I / He / She / They can sing.2.You should keep quiet in the library.bbs.xschu.com16. 一般過去時態(tài)(a) be 動詞的過去式:I/He/she/it was(not)…. You/we/they were….一般疑問句was, were 放在句首。(b) 動詞過去式:肯定句: I watched cartoons.She visited the zoo.一般疑問句: Did you read book last night? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did. No, she didn't.否定句: They didn't go the the part yesterday.He didn't make model ships last week.(3)動詞過去式的變化:規(guī)則動詞的變化:Most verbs +ed eg. planted,watered,climbed。
Verbs ending in e +d eg liked。Verbs ending in a consonant +y --y +ied eg : study—studiedShort verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant eg: stop --stopped不規(guī)則動詞的變化:is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew/u:/eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank 等等北京小升初17. “Wh-” questions.What are you doing?What colour is it?What time is it? What's the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Who's the man with a big nose?Whose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school every day?What are you doing?What colour is it?What time is it? What's the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Who's the man with a big nose?Whose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school every day?xschu.com。
一、單詞 1. carefully 仔細地,認真地2. ask 問,詢問3.question 問題 4 actively 積極地,活潑地5, make 做,制作6.noise 聲音,噪音 7. eat 吃 8. should 應(yīng)該 9. go 去,走 10. early 早 11.mess臟亂,雜亂 12. good 好的 13. room 房間 14.keep 保持 15。
clean 干凈的 16. set 擺,放 17. home 家 18. too也,又,過于 19.. late 晚,遲 20. look看 21. must 必須 22. wait 等待23. respect 尊敬 24 and 和,并且 25. them 他(她、它)們 (賓格) 27.. young 年輕的,幼小的 28. children 孩子們 30..grass 草,草坪31.cross 橫穿 32. now 現(xiàn)在 33. spit 吐痰 34. ground 地(面),地上 35. litter亂丟雜物 36.everyone每一個人 37. well 好地 38. never從不 39.. sometimes 有時候 40 for 為了(介詞)41. classmate 同班同學 42. hospital 醫(yī)院 二、詞組 1. home/class rule 家/班規(guī) 2. a good student 一個好學生 3. be quiet安靜/ pick the flowers .摘花 4. obey the rules 遵守規(guī)則 5. come to school early 很早來學校 6. make noise 制造噪音 7. in class 在課上 8. a group leader 一個組長 9. a list of rules for the class/ a list of class rules 一個班規(guī)表 10.keep your desk clean 保持你的書桌干凈 11. make a mess 亂扔亂放東西 12. go home too late 回家太晚 13. help to set the table幫助擺餐桌 14. respect old people and help them 尊敬老人并幫助他們 15. like to help to set the table喜歡幫助擺餐桌 16. the whole evening全晚,整晚 17.watch TV till late 看電視直到好晚 18. read in bed 躺著看書 19. wait for the green light 等綠燈 20. go on the social studies field trip 進行社會實踐田野考察 21.in front of the hospital 在醫(yī)院前 22. want to tell people 想告訴人們 23 a busy street 一條繁忙的大街 24. hold up 舉起 25. a beautiful park 一個漂亮的公園 26. point to 指著。
27. feel hungry 感覺餓 28. keep off the grass 不進入草坪 29. take good care of young children 照顧好小孩 30. play on the street 在街上玩 31. spit on the ground 隨地吐痰 32. tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事 33. throw the banana skin 扔香蕉皮 34 make a mess亂扔亂放東西 35. go home 回家 36. keep off 不進入 三、填空 1.What are his classmates doing now?(do) 2.She dances (dance)in class. 3.He is making (make) a dress for me. 4..She usually speaks and makes noise in class. 5. Are you often late for class? 6.Amy is a friend of hers .(her) 四、改錯: 1)Ms Li is good teacher. Ms Li is a good teacher. 2)He often makes mess in his room. He often makes a mess in his room. 3)He don't like to help to set the table. He doesn't like to help to set the table. 4)Tom very late go to bed. Tom goes to bed very late. 一)人稱代詞 一、概念 人稱代詞是表示我、你、他/她/它、我們、你們和(他/她/它)們的詞。人稱代詞有人稱、格和數(shù)的變化. 二、人稱代詞的用法 1.一般情況下,人稱代詞的主格作主語,放在句子的開頭。
I am a teacher. 我是一名教師。(I是主語) You are 11 years old. 你11歲了。
(You 是主語) He is my friend. 他是我的朋友。(He是主語) It is hot today. 今天天氣熱。
(It是主語) 2.賓格作賓語,通常放在動詞,如:let, like, help,give,ask等的后面;或介詞,如:for, to, of,at等的后面。 Can you help me?你能幫我嗎?(me是賓語) The cake is for you. 這個蛋糕是給你的。
(you是賓語) 3.作表語(用主格,口語中常用賓格) Who is that?It's me(I). 是誰啊?是我。 三、注意 1.人稱代詞I無論放在句首、句中或句尾,都要大寫。
2.人稱代詞she除了指女性“她”之外,還可以指祖國、月亮等擬人的東西。 如:I love my country. She is great. The moon is in the sky. She is round and bright. 四、It的特殊用法 1.一般情況下,it表示人以外的動物和東西,是單數(shù)名詞的代詞,譯為“它”。
Where is your car?It is over there. 你的小汽車在哪兒?(它)在那邊。 2.但在表示天氣、時間、距離等時,用it來代替,此時的it,并不譯為“它”。
1)指天氣:It is sunny today. 今天陽光燦爛。 2)指氣候:It's cold in this room. 這個房間很冷。
3)指時間:What time is it?It's six thirty. 幾點了?六點半了。 4)指距離:How far is it from here to the park? 從這兒到公園有多遠?It's about two miles. 大約是二英里。
五、人稱的習慣順序: 如果有幾個不同的人稱同時作主語,且用and,or連接時,習慣順序是:單數(shù):you,he,and I 復數(shù):we,you,and they 但是,如果是做錯事,承擔責任時,有時,說話的人把I放在第一位。 Who broke the window?誰打碎了玻璃?I and Li Ming.我和李明. (二)物主代詞 表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞,也可叫做代詞所有格。
物主代詞分形容性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞二種,物主代詞也有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 通過觀察上表,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),除了my的名詞性物主代詞是mine, his和its的名詞性和形容詞性相同外,其他的名詞性物主代詞都是在對應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞后面加“s”變成的。
形容詞性物主代詞用來修飾名詞,表示是屬于誰的東西。名詞性物主代詞等于對應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞加一個名詞。
如: This is her 。
PEP小學英語畢業(yè)總復習一:學生易錯詞匯1. a, an的選擇: 元音音素開頭的單詞用an,輔音音素開頭的單詞用a.2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復數(shù)用are, I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。
單數(shù)用has , 復數(shù)用have, I \you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物或某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復數(shù)用there are.5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) whose (誰的) why(為什么)when(什么時候)which(哪一個)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢) 二:形容詞比較級詳解當我們需要對事物作出比較時,需要用到比較級。
比較級的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:什么 + 動詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級 + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。)An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的,它的變化規(guī)則是:① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,② 以e結(jié)尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier④ 雙寫最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對應(yīng)的可比較的東西。典型錯誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你(整個人),那么比較的對象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比較級專項練習: 一、從下面中選出合適的單詞完成句子heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? He's 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? It's 2kg.二、根據(jù)句意寫出所缺的單詞(1) I'm 12 years old. You're 14. I'm than you.(2) A rabbit's tail is than a monkey's tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.(貴的)三、根據(jù)中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. I'm than my brother.(2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 誰比你重? than you?四、根據(jù)答句寫出問句(1) I'm 160 cm.(2) I'm 12 years old.(4) Amy's hair is 30 cm long.三:動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:A、規(guī)則動詞① 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited② 以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類)④ 雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如 stopped B、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt四:動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating② 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing③ 雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting五:人稱和數(shù) 人稱代詞 物主代詞 主格 賓格 第一人稱 單數(shù) I(我) me my(我的) 復數(shù) we(我們) us our(我們的)第二人稱 單數(shù) you(你) you your(你的) 復數(shù) you(你們) you your(你們的)第三人稱 單數(shù) he(他) him his(他的) she(她) her her(她的) it(它) it its(它的) 復數(shù) they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的)六:句型專項歸類1、肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I'm not a student. She is not (isn't) a doctor. He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.☆注意☆ 小結(jié):否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。
有動詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面,可縮寫成“isn't,aren't”,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動詞be的句子則要先在主要動詞的前面加上一個助動詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don't , doesn't , didn't )。
這三個助動詞要根據(jù)人稱和時態(tài)來選擇,其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而“did”。
英語語法口訣13條: 1、英語的詞類 句子要由詞組成, 英語詞類有十種: 句中成分用實詞, 名、代、動、副、數(shù)、形容: 冠、介、連詞和感嘆, 虛詞附加或溝通。
詞類功能掌握了, 造句之時好運用。 2、語序歌 主、謂、賓、表同漢語, 定語有同也有異。
狀語位置更特殊, 不能全和漢語比。 3、肯定句變一般疑問句 have和be提句首, 其它助詞Do開頭。
時間、人稱由do變, 動詞只把原形留。 謂語助詞有幾個, 第一助詞提句首。
4、肯定句變否定句 否定詞語加not, 放在be和have后。 其它要加動詞do, do的后面加not, 時間、人稱由do變, 動詞原形總保留。
謂語若是助詞多, not緊跟第一個。 5、名詞的所有格 名詞只變數(shù), 不分主賓格。
人和動物類, 可變所有格。 撇(')后加s, 相當漢語“的”。
時間、距離等, 也變所有格。 6、名詞變復數(shù) 單數(shù)變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)式, 加上“s”統(tǒng)言之。
下列結(jié)尾名詞后, 要加“s”先加“e”: 發(fā)音[∫][t∫][s]和[z], 或是輔音加“o”時。 有些名詞變復數(shù), 詞尾變化要注意: “y”前字母是輔音, 一律變“y”為“ie”; 遇到“f/fe”, 有時需要變“ve” 少數(shù)名詞不規(guī)則, 特別情況靠硬記。
7、時間名詞前所有介詞的速記 年月周前要用in, 日子前面卻不行。 遇到幾號要用“on”, 上午下午又是“in”。
要說某日上下午, 用on換in才能行。 午夜黃昏用at, 黎明用它也不錯。
at也在時分前, 說“差”用to, 說“過”要用past。 8、介詞用法歌 介詞加賓語, 才能有實意。
表、定、狀、賓、補, 詞組在句里。 9、介詞順口溜 in 在……里, out在……外, 在旁邊的是beside, 靠近的為by。
on在……上, under在……下, above在上頭, below在底下。 10、be的用法歌 動詞be,變化大, “I”用“am”“You”用“are” Is用于它(it)、他(he)、她(she) 復數(shù)一定要用“are”, 切莫用錯鬧笑話。
11、動詞的時態(tài) 四種時間各四式, 聯(lián)想對比便于記。 時間現(xiàn)在和過去, 各自還有將來時。
一般、完成、進行式, 完成進行是四式。 四四共有十六種, 看來復雜掌握易; 除去have/be以外, 動詞變化有規(guī)律。
12、動詞形式的變化 動詞根本是原形, 變化形式有四種: 原形詞尾加“s”, 現(xiàn)在第三單人稱; 過去原形加“ed”, 過去分詞也相同; 原形加上“ing”, 現(xiàn)在分詞或動名。 原形詞尾加“s”, 如同名詞復數(shù)式。
若加“ed/ing”, 以下情況要注意: 詞尾有ie只加d, Ing去掉無聲e; 詞尾ie變成y, 然后再加ing; 輔音之后y結(jié)尾, Y要變i加ed; 現(xiàn)在分詞不變y, 直接加上ing; 詞尾重讀閉音節(jié), 結(jié)尾輔音都雙寫, r做結(jié)尾也一樣, 重讀音節(jié)r雙寫; 結(jié)尾字母若是“t”, 不是重讀也雙寫。 過去分詞過去式, 不按規(guī)則也有些。
13、動詞不定式不帶to的動詞 四看(notice,observe,see,watch), 三使役(have,let,make), 二聽(hear,listen to), 一感覺(feel)。 按:在上述動詞后做賓語補語用的不定式不帶to。
重點單詞: 操場 garden 花園 library 圖書館 light 燈 teacher's office 老師辦公室 canteen 食堂 picture 照片 art room 美術(shù)教室 computer room 計算機教室 washroom 盥洗室 music room 音樂教室 gym 體育 TV room 電視屋 wall 墻 computer 計算機 teacher's desk 老師的課桌 your 你的 floor 地板,樓層 重點句子: This is the teacher's office. That is my classroom. 這是老師辦公室。
那是我的教室。 Go to the library. Read a story-book.. 去圖書館。
讀故事書。 Is this the library? Yes, it is. 這是圖書館嗎?是的。
Is that the art room? No, it isn't. the art room is on the second floor. 那是美術(shù)室嗎?不是,美術(shù)室在二樓。 Where is the canteen? It's on the first floor. 食堂在哪里?在一樓。
小學四年級英語下冊重點歸納:Unit2 What time is it? 重點單詞: lunch 午餐 English class 英語課 music class 音樂課 breakfast 早餐 dinner 晚餐 P.E class 體育課 get up 起床 go to school 去學校 go to bed 上床睡覺 go home 回家 one 一 two 二 three 三 four 四 five 五 six 六 seven 七 eight 八 nine 九 ten 十 it's=it is (math Chinese English P.E music ) class 重點句子: What time is it?幾點鐘了? It's nine o'clock.現(xiàn)在九點。 It's time for English class.該上英語課了。
School is over. Let's go to the playground.放學了,讓我們?nèi)ゲ賵霭桑? It's time to go to school.該去學校了 小學四年級英語下冊重點歸納:Unit3 Is this your skirt? 重點單詞: sweater 毛衣 jeans 牛仔褲 pants 褲子 socks 襪子 shoes 鞋子 shorts 短褲 jacket 夾克 shirt 襯衫 skirt 裙子 dress 裙子 T-shirt T恤衫 red 紅色 blue 藍色 yellow 黃色 green 綠色 white 白色 colour 顏色 重點句子: I like the white sweater with the green skirt.我喜歡白毛衣搭配綠裙子。 Whose is this? It's my baby brother's.這是誰的?是我小弟弟的。
Is this your T-shirt? No, it's not.這是你的T恤衫嗎?不是。 Where are my socks?我的襪子在哪兒? What colour is it? It's white.它是什么顏色的?白色的。
小學四年級英語下冊重點歸納:Unit4 It's warm today 重點單詞: hot 熱 weather 天氣 rainy 多雨的 windy 多風的 cloudy 多云的 warm 溫暖 cold 寒冷 cool 涼爽的 today 今天 jeans 牛仔褲 pants 褲子 socks 襪子 shoes 鞋子 snowy 雪 sunny 明媚的 let's=let us play football 重點句子: This is the weather report.這是天氣預報。 It's cool in Lhasa.拉薩天氣涼爽。
What's the weather like in Beijing? It's rainy.北京天氣怎樣?下雨。 Can I wear my shirt today?我今天能穿襯衫嗎? Yes, you can./ No, you can't.能/不能。
小學四年級英語下冊重點歸納:Unit5 How much is it? 重點單詞: colourful 五顏六色的 pretty 可愛的,漂亮的 cheap 便宜的 expensive 昂貴的 sneakers 運動鞋 slippers 拖鞋 sandals 涼鞋 boots 靴子 big 大的 small 小的 long 長的 short 短的 apple 蘋果 banana 香蕉 pear 梨 orange 橘子 watermelon 西瓜 重點句子: Look at that dress. It's pretty。看那條裙子,真漂亮! Can I help you?需要我為你做些什么嗎? I want a pair of sneakers.我想要一雙球鞋。
How much is it?多少錢? It's ninety-nine yuan.九十九元。 That's expensive.好貴阿! A pair of sneakers for my son.給我兒子買雙球鞋。
What size? 幾碼? Size five. 五碼! Are they all right? 合適嗎? We'll take it. 我們買下了! How much are they? They're three yuan. 他們多少錢?三元。 小學四年級英語下冊重點歸納:Unit6 At a farm 重點單詞: sheep 羊 hen 母雞 lamb 羊肉 goat 山羊 cow 奶牛 tomato 番茄 cucumber 黃瓜 potato 土豆 onion 洋蔥 carrot 胡蘿卜 horse 馬 cat 貓 rabbit 兔子 pig 豬 duck 鴨子 dog 狗 eleven 十一 twelve 十二 thirteen 十三 fifteen 十五 twenty 二十 how many there。
有多少.. aren't=are not 重點句子: What are they? They are goats. 它們是什么?它們是山羊。 This farm is so big. 這個農(nóng)場好大阿! Are they ducks? No, they aren't. 它們是鴨子嗎?不是的。
Look at the cucumbers. They're fresh. 看那些黃瓜,他們好新鮮! I like tomatoes. They are juicy. 我喜歡番茄,他們很多汁。 I don't like onions. They're smelly. 我不喜歡洋蔥,他們有股味道。
How many horses are there? Twelve. 那兒有多少馬?十二匹。希望能幫到你,請采納正確答案,點擊【采納答案】,謝謝 ^_^。
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