PEP小學(xué)英語畢業(yè)總復(fù)習(xí) 一:學(xué)生易錯(cuò)詞匯1. a, an的選擇: 元音音素開頭的單詞用an,輔音音素開頭的單詞用a.2. am , is , are的選擇: 單數(shù)用is , 復(fù)數(shù)用are, I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的選擇: 表示某人有某物。
單數(shù)用has , 復(fù)數(shù)用have, I \you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的選擇:表示某地有某物或某人。單數(shù)用there is , 復(fù)數(shù)用there are.5. some, any 的選擇:肯定句用some, 疑問句和否定句用any.6. 疑問詞的選擇:what (什么) who (誰) where (哪里) whose (誰的) why(為什么)when(什么時(shí)候)which(哪一個(gè))how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少錢) 二:形容詞比較級(jí)詳解 當(dāng)我們需要對(duì)事物作出比較時(shí),需要用到比較級(jí)。
比較級(jí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)通常是:什么 + 動(dòng)詞be (am , is , are ) + 形容詞比較級(jí) + than(比)+ 什么 ,如:I'm taller and heavier than you. (我比你更高和更重。) An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (一只大象比一只老虎更大。)
形容詞的比較級(jí)是在形容詞的基礎(chǔ)上變化而來的,它的變化規(guī)則是:① 一般的直接在詞尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,② 以e結(jié)尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的,先改y為i再加er,如funny - funnier ④ 雙寫最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter ☆注意☆ 比較的兩者應(yīng)該是互相對(duì)應(yīng)的可比較的東西。典型錯(cuò)誤:My hair is longer than you.(我的頭發(fā)比你更長(zhǎng)。)
比較的兩者是我的頭發(fā)、你(整個(gè)人),那么比較的對(duì)象就沒有可比性。應(yīng)該改為:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比較級(jí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí): 一、從下面中選出合適的單詞完成句子 heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? He's 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? It's 2kg.二、根據(jù)句意寫出所缺的單詞(1) I'm 12 years old. You're 14. I'm than you.(2) A rabbit's tail is than a monkey's tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.(貴的) 三、根據(jù)中文完成句子.(1) 我比我的弟弟大三歲. I'm than my brother.(2) 這棵樹要比那棵樹高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 誰比你重? than you?四、根據(jù)答句寫出問句(1) I'm 160 cm.(2) I'm 12 years old.(4) Amy's hair is 30 cm long.三:動(dòng)詞過去式詳解 動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有:A、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞 ① 一般直接在動(dòng)詞的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited ② 以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞直接加d:如 lived , danced , used ③ 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類) ④ 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母(此類動(dòng)詞較少)如 stopped B、不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則,須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動(dòng)詞的原形和過去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt 四:動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動(dòng)詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating ② 以e 結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing ③ 雙寫最后一個(gè)字母的(此類動(dòng)詞極少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五:人稱和數(shù) 人稱代詞 物主代詞 主格 賓格 第一 人稱 單數(shù) I(我) me my(我的) 復(fù)數(shù) we(我們) us our(我們的) 第二 人稱 單數(shù) you(你) you your(你的) 復(fù)數(shù) you(你們) you your(你們的) 第三 人稱 單數(shù) he(他) him his(他的) she(她) her her(她的) it(它) it its(它的) 復(fù)數(shù) they(他們/她們/它們) them their(他們的/她們的/它們的) 六:句型專項(xiàng)歸類1、肯定句:是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子,如:I'm a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句:含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子,如:I'm not a student. She is not (isn't) a doctor. He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.☆注意☆ 小結(jié):否定句主要是在肯定句的基礎(chǔ)上加上了否定詞 “not”。
有動(dòng)詞be的句子則“not”加在be后面,可縮寫成“isn't,aren't”,但am not 一般都分開寫。沒有動(dòng)詞be的句子則要先在主要?jiǎng)釉~的前面加上一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它們縮寫在一起如“don't , doesn't , didn't )。
這三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞要根據(jù)人稱和時(shí)態(tài)來選擇,其中“does”只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的情況,而“did”只用于一般過去時(shí),不論主語是什么人稱和數(shù),。
六年級(jí)上冊(cè)Unit 1 how do you go to school?How do you go to school? 你怎么去上學(xué)? Usually I go to school on foot. 通常我走路去學(xué)校Sometimes I go by bike. 有時(shí)我騎車去。
How can I get to Zhongshan Park? 我怎么才能到中山公園?You can go by the No.15 bus.你可以乘15路公交車。on foot by bike by bus by train by plane by ship go to school get to traffic light traffic rule stop wait Unit 2 where is the science museum?Where is the cinema, please?電影院在哪兒?It's next to the hospital. 在醫(yī)院旁。
Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. It's on the left. 在電影院左轉(zhuǎn),然后直走,它就在左邊library post office hospital cinema bookstore where please next to turn right turn left go straight then Unit 3 what are you going to do?What are you going to do on the weekend? 周末你準(zhǔn)備去哪兒?I'm going to visit my grandparents this weekend. 這個(gè)周末我要去看望我祖父母。Where are you going this afternoon? 今天下午你去哪兒?I'm going to the bookstore. 我要去書店。
What are you going to buy? 你要去買什么?I am going to buy a comic book..我要去買一本漫畫書。next week this morning this afternoon this evening comic book newspaper buy post card Unit 4 what's your hobby?What's your hobby? 你的愛好是什么?I like collecting stamps. 我喜歡集郵。
He likes collecting stamps, too.他也喜歡集郵Does she teach English? No, she doesn't. 她教英語嗎? 不。 Does she teach you math? Yes, she does.她教你數(shù)學(xué)嗎? 是的。
hobby ride a bike dive play the violin make kites collect stamps live teaches watches goes does doesn't=does notUnit 5 what does your mother do?What does your mother do? 你媽媽是干什么的?She is a TV reporter. 她是一個(gè)電視播音員。Where does she work? 她在哪兒工作?She works in a school. 她在學(xué)校工作。
How does she go to work? 她怎么去工作?She goes to work by bus. 她乘公交車去工作。Singer writer actor actress artist TV reporter engineer accountant policeman cleaner salesperson workUnit 6 where does the rain come from?Where does the rain come from? 雨來自哪?It comes from the clouds. 它來自云.How do you do that? 你是怎么做的?What should you do then? 然后你應(yīng)做什么?rain cloud sun stream come from seed soil sprout plant 1.周末你打算做什么?我打算去看望祖父母。
2.你的愛好是什么?我喜歡拉小提琴。3.你媽媽是做什么的?她是工程師。
4.接著你該怎么做?把種子放進(jìn)土里。5.她怎么去工作?她乘公共汽車去工作。
六年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 1 how tall are you?How tall are you? I'm 164 cm tall. 你多高? 我164厘米高.You're shorter than me. 你比我矮.You're 4 cm taller than me. 你比我高四厘米.How heavy are you? I'm 48 kg. 你多重? 我48公斤.I'm thinner and shorter than you. 我比你更瘦更矮Taller shorter stronger older younger bigger heavier longer thinner smallerUnit 2 what's the matter, Mike?What's the matter? 怎么了?My throat is sore. 我嗓子疼My nose hurts. 我鼻塞.How are you, Liu Yun? You look so happy. 你好嗎,劉云? 你看起來好高興.You look sad today. 你今天看起來很憂傷.have a fever have a cold have a toothache have a headache have a sore throat hurt matter tired excited angry happy bored sadUnit 3 last weekendWhat did you do last weekend? 上個(gè)周末你干什么? I played football. 我踢足球.Did you read books? 你看書了嗎? Yes, I did. / No, I didn't. 是的/沒有watch–watched play-played wash–washed clean-cleaned visit-visited do-did last weekend go-went read–read went fishing went hikingUnit 4 my holidayWhere did you go on your holiday? 你假期去哪兒了?I went to Xinjiang. 我去新疆了.How did you go there? 你怎么去的?I went by train. 我坐火車去的.Eat(ate)good food have – had get(got) toTake(took) pictures sing–sang dance–dancedRow(rowed) a boat Buy(bought) presentsClimb(climbed) a mountain learn–learnedSee(saw)elephants went skiing went ice-skating 1.你感覺怎樣?你看上去很難過。2.你上個(gè)周末做什么?我去公園。
3.我比你瘦,而且矮。4.怎么了?我喉嚨疼。
5.你周末讀書了么? 沒有.。
小學(xué)英語語法匯總 一、時(shí) 態(tài) 小 結(jié) 時(shí)態(tài) 定義 特征 動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則 一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) 表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作. every day/morning/… usually 第三人稱單數(shù)的變化情況:1. 一般情況在詞尾直接加-s2. 以ch,sh,s,x或o結(jié)尾的詞加-es(wishes)3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,將y改成i再加-es(flies) 現(xiàn) 在 進(jìn) 行 時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作. now/ look/ listen 現(xiàn)在分詞的變化情況:1. 一般情況在詞尾直接加-ing2. 以e結(jié)尾的詞,去掉e再加-ing(skating)3. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,雙寫最后一個(gè)字母加-ing (swimming) 一 般 過 去 時(shí) 表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況. yesterday morning/afternoon/evening last year/month a minute ago/an hour ago this morning/afternoon/evening 動(dòng)詞過去式的變化情況:1. 一般情況在詞尾直接加-ed2. 以e結(jié)尾的詞加-d(lived)3. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,將y改成i再加-ed(flied)4. 以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,雙寫最后一個(gè)字母加-ed(stopped) 一 般 將 來 時(shí) 表示將要發(fā)生的事情 tomorrow the day after tomorrow/ the next day/Monday… at the weekend/tonight tomorrow night/morning/afternoon 主要構(gòu)成 be going to/will + 動(dòng)詞原形 be +形容詞 凡是在must, mustn't, can, can't, let's, don't, may,will后的一定要用動(dòng)詞的原形 二、名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。
名詞按其數(shù),可分兩種:可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞. 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則:1.一般情況下,直接在詞尾加-s, 如:girl-girls, book-books, pen-pens2.以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾的詞,在詞后加-es, 如:class-classes, box-boxes, match-matches,3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,變y 為i 再加-es, 如:city-cities, family-families, country- countries4.以f或fe結(jié)尾的,變f或fe為v再加-es, 如:knife-knives, wife-wives, life-lives,5.以o 結(jié)尾的加-es或-s, 如: radio-radios, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes, zoo-zoos, photo-photos,6.man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, child-children,三、形容詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。 形容詞有比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)之分, 單音節(jié)詞的變化規(guī)則:1.一般情況下,直接在詞尾加-er或-est, 如:small-smaller-smallest, short-shorter-shortest2.以e結(jié)尾的,直接加-r或-st, 如:large-larger-largest, nice-nicer-nicest.3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的, 變y 為i 再加-er或-est, 如:busy-busier-busiest, heavy-heavier-heaviest. 4.以重讀閉音節(jié),一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的,雙寫該字母,再加-er或-est, 如:big-bigger-biggest, thin-thinner-thinnest.5.多音節(jié)的詞,前加more, most, 如: beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful. 6.good-better-best 四、be 動(dòng)詞,助動(dòng)詞。
現(xiàn)階段be動(dòng)詞形式有: am, is, are, were, was, isn't, aren't, weren't, wasn't 助動(dòng)詞形式有: do, does, did, don't, doesn't, didn't ※ 1. 在英語句子中進(jìn)行變化的時(shí)候, 有be動(dòng)詞的就在be動(dòng)詞上變化,變 “過去”, “否定”; 否定 過去 否定 am-------am not(第一人稱 “I” ) am, is ---wasn't is ------- isn't (第三人稱) are -----weren't are------aren't (you和其它人稱)2. 沒有be動(dòng)詞的就要加助動(dòng)詞; 否定 過去 過去否定 do -----don't ------did---------didn't does(第三人稱單數(shù))-----doesn't ------did---------didn't 五.人稱代詞 主語 物主代詞 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性 I my mine me she her hers her he his his him it its its it you your yours you we our ours us they their theirs them 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞“分家” 一、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別 普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個(gè)數(shù)計(jì)算的,這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞??蓴?shù)名詞分為個(gè)體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個(gè)體,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集體名詞(表示作為一個(gè)整體來看的一群人或一些事物,如people, family 等)。
如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個(gè)數(shù)來計(jì)算的,這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞分為物質(zhì)名詞(表示無法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì),如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名詞(表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。
二、可數(shù)名詞 可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí),用單數(shù)形式;指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
名詞由單數(shù)形式變成復(fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則如下:1. 一般的名詞詞尾直接加-s 。如:book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days2. 以s, ss, ch, sh, x 結(jié)尾的名詞,在詞尾加-es 。
如:bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches dish → dishes box → boxes3. 以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的名詞,要先將y改為i再加-es。如:city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。
4. 以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,要將f或fe改為v再加-es。如:half → halve leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives5. 特例 ① child → children② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen(規(guī)律:man → men) ③ tomato → tomatoes potato → potatoes [ 初中英語以o 結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只有這兩個(gè)詞加-es,其余的當(dāng)然加-s嘍!如:photo → photos ] ④ foot → feet tooth → teeth ⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese單、復(fù)數(shù)同形 [悄悄話:變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)詞形不變。
] ⑥ people單數(shù)形式表示。
小升初六年級(jí)英語語法知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)全面匯總2013-09-16 一、詞類: 動(dòng)詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法: 先用“一(量詞)”(如:一個(gè)、一張等)和這個(gè)詞連起來說,如說得通,一般認(rèn)為是名詞;說不通再用“很”去判斷,就是把“很”和為個(gè)詞連起來說,說得通一般就是形容詞;都說不通就是動(dòng)詞。
(目前我們學(xué)過的,以后可能不同)(另外一些很明顯的,如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等一下就可以知道) 1、動(dòng)詞 這里所說的動(dòng)詞是指各種動(dòng)詞總稱,其中包括行為動(dòng)詞(就是我們平時(shí)總說的那種動(dòng)詞)、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。 (1)行為動(dòng)詞 就是我們平時(shí)上課時(shí)說的動(dòng)詞,表示某一動(dòng)作或行為。
如:sweep、live等。 行為動(dòng)詞我們已學(xué)過它們的四種形式: 原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具體判斷方法如下: ↗有,就加ing 讀句子→讀該單詞→認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞→理解意思→看有無be動(dòng)詞 (若是be going to 就用原形) ↘沒有,再看情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 ↗有,就用原形 ↗有,就加ed ↘沒有,再看有無表示過去的時(shí)間狀語 ↗是第三人稱單數(shù)就加s或es ↘沒有,再看主語 ↘不是第三人稱單數(shù)就用原形 (2)be動(dòng)詞 a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口訣:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。
b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. c、一般疑問句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren't. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn't. 我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過的be動(dòng)詞大致分兩類:is、am、are為一類,一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)中,was和were為另一類,一般用于一般過去時(shí)。 判斷步驟: ↗第一、三人稱單數(shù),就用was ↗有,再看人稱 ↘第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復(fù)數(shù),就用were 看有無表示過去的時(shí)間狀語 ↗第一人稱單數(shù),就用am ↘沒有,再看人稱→第三人稱單數(shù),就有is ↘第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復(fù)數(shù),就用are (3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也是一類特殊的動(dòng)詞,平時(shí)我們不把它說成是動(dòng)詞。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以和行為動(dòng)詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中。 我們現(xiàn)在學(xué)過的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有:can、must、should、would、may。
接觸最多的是can。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。
(不受其他任何條件影響) 2、名詞 表示某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。判斷的關(guān)鍵詞往往是be動(dòng)詞,be動(dòng)詞如果是am、is或was,名詞就用原形;be動(dòng)詞如果是are或were,名詞就加s或es。
這里強(qiáng)調(diào)兩點(diǎn):不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)some、any、a lot of等詞去作判斷,以免受誤導(dǎo)。 如何加后綴: a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches c.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries d.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives e.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 判斷步驟: ↗如是am、is或was→原形 讀句子→讀該單詞→認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞→理解意思→看be動(dòng)詞 ↘如是are或were→加s或es 3、形容詞(包括副詞) 形容詞表示某一事物或的特征,副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特征。
形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式:原形和+er。 未作比較的情況下就用原形,比較時(shí)就+er。
兩個(gè)重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,有th。
六年級(jí)英語語法知識(shí)匯總英語 2010-05-27 22:02:56 閱讀15 評(píng)論0 字號(hào):大中小六年級(jí)英語語法知識(shí)匯總一、詞類:1、動(dòng)詞:行為動(dòng)詞、be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
(1)行為動(dòng)詞原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具體判斷方法如下:(2)be動(dòng)詞a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口訣:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有復(fù)數(shù)全用are。b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.c、一般疑問句 Am I …? Yes, you are. No, you aren't. Are you/they…? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they aren't. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn't.is、am、are為一類,一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)中。
was和were為另一類,一般用于一般過去時(shí)。(3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can、must、should、would、may。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后動(dòng)詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)2、名詞這里強(qiáng)調(diào)兩點(diǎn):不可數(shù)名詞都默認(rèn)為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was。
如何加后綴:a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedsb.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchesc.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberriesd.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knivese.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese3、形容詞(包括副詞)形容詞表示某一事物或的特征,副詞表示某一動(dòng)作的特征。形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式:原形和+er。
未作比較的情況下就用原形,比較時(shí)就+er。兩個(gè)重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,有than的時(shí)候一定+er。
4、人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性(短)名詞性(長(zhǎng))形容詞性(短)名詞性(長(zhǎng))第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞:有主格和賓格之分。一般動(dòng)詞前用主格,動(dòng)詞后用賓格。
物主代詞:有兩類:形容詞性物主代詞(短的)和名詞性物主代詞(長(zhǎng)的)一般看后面有沒有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞(短的);如無,就用名詞性物主代詞(長(zhǎng)的)。5、數(shù)量詞我們學(xué)過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。
基數(shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。序數(shù)詞的前面一般都加the。
6、冠詞有a、an、the。a和an的區(qū)別:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前,a用于輔音音素前。
二、否定句:be動(dòng)詞(am、is、are、was、were)+not、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can、must、should)+ not、助動(dòng)詞(do、does、did) + not如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句:1、看句中有無be動(dòng)詞,如有,直接在be動(dòng)詞后+ not。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如有,直接在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后+ not。
3、如上述二者都沒有,就應(yīng)用助動(dòng)詞+ not。分四個(gè)步驟:(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動(dòng)詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)后,動(dòng)詞前。
(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do、does還是did,根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do,動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does,動(dòng)詞用過去式的助動(dòng)詞就有did。(3)在助動(dòng)詞后加not。
(4)原句中動(dòng)詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),有some的要考慮是否要用any。
三、一般疑問句。如何將一個(gè)肯定的陳述句改為否定句:1、看句中有無be動(dòng)詞,如有,把be動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。
2、看句中有無情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如有,把情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都沒有,就應(yīng)把助動(dòng)提到句首。
分四個(gè)步驟:(1)肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動(dòng)詞的,要加上去,位置在主語(某人或某物)后,動(dòng)詞前。(2)確定助動(dòng)詞用do、does還是did,根據(jù)句中動(dòng)詞,動(dòng)詞是原形的助動(dòng)詞就用do,動(dòng)詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動(dòng)詞就用does,動(dòng)詞用過去式的助動(dòng)詞就有did。
(3)把助動(dòng)詞后提到句首。(4)原句中動(dòng)詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復(fù)成原形。
強(qiáng)調(diào)一點(diǎn),有some的要考慮是否要用any。四、特殊疑問句。
表示疑問,有疑問詞(在開頭),回答有很多種可能。常用疑問詞:疑問詞意思用法When什么時(shí)間問時(shí)間What time什么時(shí)間問具體時(shí)間,如幾點(diǎn)鐘Who誰問人Whose誰的問主人Where在哪里問地點(diǎn)Which哪一個(gè)問選擇Why為什么問原因What什么問東西、事物What colour什么顏色問顏色What about。
怎么樣問意見What day星期幾問星期幾What date什么日期問日期What for為何目的問目的How。
怎樣問情況How old多大年紀(jì)問年紀(jì)How many多少數(shù)量(可數(shù)名詞)問數(shù)量How much多少錢;多少數(shù)量(不可數(shù)名詞)問多少錢或數(shù)量(不可數(shù))How about。
怎么樣問意見How often多久問頻率How long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間問時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度How far多遠(yuǎn)問多遠(yuǎn);多長(zhǎng)距離五、祈使句表示請(qǐng)求或命令別人做某事或不要做某事。
肯定祈使句一定是以動(dòng)詞原形開頭(有時(shí)有please),否定的祈使句一定是don't加動(dòng)詞。
there [TZE,TE] adv.在那里 At or in that place:在那里:sit over there.坐那邊 To,into,or toward that place:到那里,往那里去:wouldn't go there again.別再去那里了 At that stage,moment,or point:在哪個(gè)階段,在哪個(gè)時(shí)刻,在那點(diǎn)上:Stop there before you make any more mistakes.在你犯更多的錯(cuò)誤之前就罷休巴 In that matter:在那件事上:I can't agree with him there.在那件事上我不能同意他 pron.(代詞) Used to introduce a clause or sentence:用于引導(dǎo)從句或句子:There are numerous items.There must be another exit.有許多項(xiàng)目。
一定有另一個(gè)出口 Used to indicate an unspecified person in direct address:在直接對(duì)話中指非特定的人:Hello there.喂 adj.(形容詞) Used as an intensive:用于強(qiáng)調(diào):That person there ought to know the directions to town.那個(gè)人應(yīng)該知道鎮(zhèn)子的方向 n.(名詞) That place or point:那個(gè)地方或那點(diǎn):stopped and went on from there.停下來并從那兒開始 interj.(感嘆詞) Used to express feelings such as relief,satisfaction,sympathy,or anger:用于表達(dá) 情感 ,如放松、滿意、同情或生氣:There,now I can have some peace!好了,現(xiàn)在我能安靜一些了!用法:1.標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 規(guī)則 認(rèn)為,當(dāng)代詞there 出現(xiàn)在如 be,seem 或 appear 的動(dòng)詞之前時(shí),則動(dòng)詞的數(shù)遵照如下語法實(shí)例:There is a great Italian deli across the street.穿過街道,有一家大的意大利熟食店。There are fabulous wildflowers in the hills.山中有極美的野花。
There seems to be a blueberry pie cooking in the kitchen.廚房里好象正在做越橘果排 。There seem to be a few trees between me and the green.在我與草坪之間好象有一些樹。
2.然而,當(dāng)技術(shù)上要求用 復(fù)數(shù) 動(dòng)詞時(shí),口語 中常用縮寫there's ,如在有兩個(gè)要去的好理由 中。當(dāng)作為 連接詞 的 短語 中最接近動(dòng)詞的主語為單數(shù)時(shí),且短語必須與動(dòng)詞保持一致,也有用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞的趨勢(shì):To the left,there is a beautiful entry hall,a sitting room,and a sun porch.剩下的部分,有一漂亮的走廊,一個(gè)客廳和一個(gè)陽臺(tái)。
3.盡管嚴(yán)格地講,這種用法是錯(cuò)誤的,但動(dòng)詞對(duì)于跟隨它的 單數(shù)名詞 短語的吸引力如此之強(qiáng)以至幾乎沒有作者能完全避免這種結(jié)構(gòu)。指示形式that there 和 this here 是不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 their pron.他們的,她們的,它們的 用法:Used as a modifier before a noun:他們的:用作名詞前修飾語:their accomplishments; their home town.他們的成就;他們的家鄉(xiāng) Usage Problem His,her,or its:【用法疑難】 他的,她的,或它的:“It is fatal for anyone who writes to think of their sex”(Virginia Woolf)See Usage Note at he1 “寫作時(shí)考慮性別對(duì)任何人都是致命的”(弗吉尼亞·沃爾夫)參見 he1 They are 意思是“他們是?!?/p>
我和樓上的意思差不多。
名詞(NOUNS):名詞的數(shù):Vol.1名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法
Vol.2單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞
Vol.3不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)名詞
Vol.4可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞
Vol.5可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞的修飾語
Vol.6單位詞piece與pair
Vol.7A??家族e(cuò)點(diǎn):根據(jù)漢語習(xí)慣將英語的物質(zhì)名詞誤認(rèn)為可數(shù)名詞,如:面包---bread
B想當(dāng)然的判斷名次的可數(shù)性。
C受漢語習(xí)慣的影響漏用單數(shù)可數(shù)名前必用的不定冠詞。
名詞的格:Vol.1名詞的格的種類
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