1.開門見山,揭示主題。
文章開頭就交待清楚文章的主題是什么:如“How I Spent My Vacation”(我怎樣度假)的開頭是: I spent my last vacation happily. 再如“Honesty”(談誠實)一文中的開頭: Honesty is one of the best virtues.An honest man is always trusted and respecte-d.On the contrary,one who tells lies is regarded as a “l(fā)iar”,and is looked upon badly by honest people. 2.交代人物、事情、時間或環(huán)境的開頭。 在文章的開頭,先把人物、事件和環(huán)境交待清楚。
例如“A Trip to Jin shan”(去金山旅游)的開頭: The day before yesterday my class went on a bus trip to Jinshan.It took three hours to ride there.The long trip made us very tired,but the sight of the beautiful sea refreshed us. 3.回憶性的開頭。 用回憶的方法來開頭。
例如“A Trip to the Taishan Mountain”(泰山游)的開頭是: I remember my first trip to the Taishan Mountain as if it were yesterday. 4.概括性的開頭。 即對在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。
如“The Happiness of Reading Book-s”(讀書的快樂)的開頭: People often say that gold and silver are the most valuable things in the world.But l say that to read books is more valuable. than anything else,because books give us knowledge and knowledge gives us power. 5.介紹環(huán)境式的開頭。 即開頭利用自然景物或自然環(huán)境引出要介紹的事物。
如:“An Accident”(一場事故)的開頭是: It was a rainy and windy morning.The sky was gloomy, the temperature was low,and the street was nearly empty.I was on my way back to school.Suddenly,a speeding car came round the corner. 6.交待寫作目的的開頭。 在文章的一開頭就交待寫作目的,如通過文章要表揚誰,批評誰,或說明一個什么問題等。
如“Pollution Control”(控制污染)的開頭: In this article I shall draw your attention to the subject of pollution control. 結尾篇 如果把開頭比作“爆竹”,那么結尾就有如“撞鐘”。古人說過:“好的結尾,有如咀嚼干果,品嘗香茗,令人回味再三?!?/p>
文章結尾的作用是概括全文內(nèi)容,進一步強調(diào)或肯定文章的中心思想,使文章意義表達得更加深刻。文章結尾的形式常見的有以下幾種: 1.首尾呼應,畫龍點睛。
在文章的結尾,把含義較深的話放在末尾,以點明主題,深化主題,起到畫龍點睛的效果。如“I Cannot Forget Her” (我忘不了她)的結尾: After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people. 2.重復主題句。
結尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或主題句上,達到強調(diào)的效果。如“I Love My Home Town”(我愛家鄉(xiāng))的結尾: I love my home town, and I love its people. They too have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our motherland. 3. 自然結尾。
隨著文章的結束,文章自然而然地結尾。如“Fishing”(釣魚)的結尾: I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun. We returned home very late. 4.含蓄性的結尾。
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法,而是讓讀者自己去領會和思考。如“A Day of Harvesting”(收割的日子)的結尾: Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile. 5.用反問結尾。
雖然形式是問句,但意義卻是肯定的,并具有特別的強調(diào)作用,引起讀者深思。如 “Should We Learn to Do Housework?” (我們要不要學做家務?) 的結尾: Everyone should learn to do housework. Don't you agree, boys and girls? 6.指明方向,激勵讀者。
結尾表示對將來的展望,或期待讀者投入行動。如“Let's Go in for Sports”(讓我們參加體育運動)的結尾: As we have said above, sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work bettter. A sound mind is in a sound body. Let's go in for sports. 文章的結尾沒有一定的模式,可以根據(jù)表達主題的需要靈活創(chuàng)造。
一般的習慣是,一些記敘文和描寫文經(jīng)常采用自然結尾的方法;但說理性和邏輯性較強的說明文和議論文則往往都有結束語,以便使文章首尾呼應,結構完整。
To introduce myself(介紹我自己)
Hello,every one?。ù蠹液茫?/p>
My name is **** . (我叫****)
I'm a 15 years old boy. (我是一個15歲的男孩)(具體情況自己改)
I live in the beautiful city of Rizhao.(我住在美麗的Rizhao城)(你可以把Rizhao改成自己家鄉(xiāng)的城市的名稱的拼音)
I'm an active ,lovely and clever boy.(我是一個活躍的可愛的聰明的男孩)
In the school , my favourite subject is maths . (在學校,我最喜歡數(shù)學)
Perhaps someone thinks it's difficult to study well .(也許有些人認為這很難學)
But I like it.(但我喜歡他)
that if you try your best, everything can be done well.(我相信每件事付出努力就會有害結果)
I also like sports very much.(我也很喜歡運動)
Such as,running,volleyball and so on. (像跑步、排球等等)
I'm kind-hearted.(我很熱心)
If you need help ,please
.(如果你需要幫助,就來找我)
I hope we can be good friends!(我希望我們能成為好朋友)
OK.This is me .A sunny boy.(好了,這就是我,一個
)
Hello, David ! I have heard that you are looking for a friend in Beijing . I am writing to tell you that I would like to be your friend. I am ninety years old and will finish school this summer. So I can be your tour guide if you like to visit Beijing .There are many places of interest in Beijing such as the Great Wall , summer palace and so on. When you come here ,I want to take you to these places and taste some delicious food in Wangfujing Street. We can also go to some hutongs to explore the culture and history of Old Beijing . Would you like me to be your friend?I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours.
Lihua.
一、開頭萬能公式
1.開頭萬能公式一:
名人名言:有人問了,“我沒有記住名言,怎么辦?尤其是英語名言?”很好辦:編!原理:我們看到的東西很多都是創(chuàng)造出來的,包括我們欣賞的文章也是,所以盡管編,但是一定要聽起來很有道理,而且沒準將來我們就是名人呢!對吧?
經(jīng)典句型:A proverb says, “ You are only young once.” (適用于已記住的名言)It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (適用于自編名言)更多經(jīng)典句型:As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2.開頭萬能公式二:
數(shù)字統(tǒng)計原理:要想更有說服力,就應該用實際的數(shù)字來說明。原則上在議論文當中不應該出現(xiàn)虛假數(shù)字的,可是在考試的時候哪管那三七二十一,但編無妨,只要我有東西寫就萬事大吉了。所以不妨試用下面的句型:According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.
看起來這個數(shù)字文縐縐的,其實都是編造出來的,下面隨便幾個題目我們都可以這樣編造:
Honesty
根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,大學生向老師請假的理由當中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike
根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,85%的人在近距離旅行的時候首選的交通工具是自行車。
Youth
根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,在某個大學,學生的課余時間的70%都是在休閑娛樂。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?
根據(jù)最近的一項統(tǒng)計調(diào)查顯示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型:A recent statistics shows that …
二、結尾萬能公式
1.結尾萬能公式一:如此結論
說完了,畢竟要歸納一番,相信各位都有這樣的經(jīng)歷,領導長篇大論,到最后終于冒出個“總而言之”之類的話,我們馬上停止開小差,等待領導說結束語。也就是說,開頭很好,也必然要有一個精彩的結尾,讓讀者眼前一亮,這樣,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:
Obviously(此為過渡短語), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.
如果讀者很難“顯而見之”,但說無妨,就當讀者的眼光太淺罷了!
更多過渡短語:
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型:
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can find that…
2.結尾萬能公式二:如此建議
如果說“如此結論”是結尾最沒用的廢話,那么“如此建議”應該是最有價值的廢話了,因為這里雖然也是廢話,但是卻用了一個很經(jīng)典的虛擬語氣的句型。拽!
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.
這里的虛擬語氣用得很經(jīng)典,因為考官本來經(jīng)常考這個句型,而如果我們自己寫出來,你說考官會怎么想呢?更多句型:
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.
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